LEARNING MATERIALS

                           E -LEARNING

The functions of a computer typically include the following tasks: taking data, processing it, returning results, and storing it. To help computer systems perform these functions, computer devices can be classified as input devices, processing devices, output devices, and storage devices, respectively.

Random Access Memory (RAM) is a type of    computer memory that is used to temporarily store data that the computer is currently using or processing.

Read Only Memory (ROM) is a type of computer memory that is used to permanently store data that does not need to be modified.  Secondary memory is computer memory that is non-volatile and persistent in nature and in not directly accessed by a computer/processor. It allows a user to store data that may be instantly and easily retrieved, transported and used by applications and services.

Secondary memory is also known as secondary storage.

1.) Name the software required to make a computer functional. Write down its two primary services?

Ans: 

To make a computer functional operating system is required. The two services of primary services:

✓ Operating system provides services for  building and running the application.

✓Operating system provide user interface to the user for enable interaction between computer and user.

2.) How does the computer understand a program written in high level language?

Ans: 

Computer understands only machine level language (0 and 1). High level language is a simple English type language written in some symmetric format. To convert high level language into machine language there is need of compiler which can be understood by computer.

3.) Why is the execution time of the machine code less than that of source code?

Ans: 

We know that computer readable language is machine language. So there is no need to convert machine language whereas Source codes are written in high level language. So there is need to convert it into machine language first. Hence, the execution time of machine language is less than source code.

4.) What is the need of RAM? How does it differ from ROM?

Ans: 

RAM (random access memory) is used for quickly accessing a data. RAM is a temporary storage memory and it stores the active using data. Whereas ROM is a read only memory and it is a permanent storage device. Data in RAM is erased when power goes off whereas in ROM data remain as it is.

5.) What is the need for secondary memory?

Ans: 

 Secondary memory provides a large storage facility as well as it is very cheap .There is a need of secondary storage because it is a permanent storage device. Unlike ROM and RAM secondary memory doesn’t have limited storage.